"Ho ricevuto numerose lettere in cui mi si chiede di esprimere il mio parere sulla controversia tra arabi ed ebrei in Palestina e sulla persecuzione degli ebrei in Germania. Non e' senza esitazione che mi arrischio a dare un giudizio su problemi tanto spinosi."
M. K. Gandhi, Harijan, 26 gennaio 1938 -"Le mie simpatie vanno tutte agli ebrei. In Sud Africa sono stato in stretti rapporti con molti ebrei. Alcuni di questi sono divenuti miei intimi amici. Attraverso questi amici ho appreso molte cose sulla multisecolare persecuzione di cui gli ebrei sono stati oggetto [...].
Ma la simpatia che nutro per gli ebrei non mi chiude gli occhi alla giustizia.
La rivendicazione degli ebrei di un territorio nazionale non mi pare giusta. A sostegno di tale rivendicazione viene invocata la Bibbia e la tenacia con cui gli ebrei hanno sempre agognato il ritorno in Palestina. Perche', come gli altri popoli della terra, gli ebrei non dovrebbero fare la loro patria del Paese dove sono nati e dove si guadagnano da vivere?
La Palestina appartiene agli arabi come l'Inghilterra appartiene agli inglesi e la Francia appartiene ai francesi. È ingiusto e disumano imporre agli arabi la presenza degli ebrei. Cio' che sta avvenendo oggi in Palestina non puo' esser giustificato da nessun principio morale. I mandati non hanno alcun valore, tranne quello conferito loro dall'ultima guerra. Sarebbe chiaramente un crimine contro l'umanita' costringere gli orgogliosi arabi a restituire in parte o interamente la Palestina agli ebrei come loro territorio nazionale. La cosa corretta e' di pretendere un trattamento giusto per gli ebrei, dovunque siano nati o si trovino. Gli ebrei nati in Francia sono francesi esattamente come sono francesi i cristiani nati in Francia. Se gli ebrei sostengono di non avere altra patria che la Palestina, sono disposti ad essere cacciati dalle altre parti del mondo in cui risiedono? Oppure vogliono una doppia patria in cui stabilirsi a loro piacimento?
[...]
Sono convinto che gli ebrei stanno agendo ingiustamente. La Palestina biblica non e' un'entita' geografica. Essa deve trovarsi nei loro cuori. Ma messo anche che essi considerino la terra di Palestina come loro patria, e' ingiusto entrare in essa facendosi scudo dei fucili . Un'azione religiosa non puo' essere compiuta con l'aiuto delle baionette e delle bombe (oltre tutto altrui). Gli ebrei possono stabilirsi in Palestina soltanto col consenso degli arabi.
[...]
Non intendo difendere gli eccessi commessi dagli arabi. Vorrei che essi avessero scelto il metodo della nonviolenza per resistere contro quella che giustamente considerano un'aggressione del loro Paese. Ma in base ai canoni universalmente accettati del giusto e dell'ingiusto, non puo' essere detto niente contro la resistenza degli arabi di fronte alle preponderanti forze avversarie."
Fonte: www.daddo.it
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"Several letters have been received by me, asking me to declare my views about the Arab-Jew question in Palestine and the persecution of the Jews in Germany. It is not without hesitation that I venture to offer my views on this very difficult question".
M. K. Gandhi, Harijan - My sympathies are all with the Jews. I have known them intimately in South Africa. Some of them became lifelong companions. Through these friends I came to learn much of their age long persecution. They have been the untouchables of Christianity. The parallel between their treatment by Christians and the treatment of untouchables by Hindus is very close.
Religious sanction has been invoked in both cases for the justification of the inhuman treatment meted out to them. Apart from the friendships, therefore, there is the more common universal reason for my sympathy for the Jews. But my sympathy does not blind me to the requirements of justice.
The cry for the national home for the Jews does not make much appeal to me. The sanction for it is sought in the Bible and the tenacity with which the Jews have hankered after return to Palestine. Why should they not, like other peoples of the earth, make that country their home where they are born and where they earn their livelihood? Palestine belongs to the Arabs in the same sense that England belongs to the English or France to the French. It is wrong and inhuman to impose the Jews on the Arabs. What is going on in Palestine today cannot be justified by any moral code of conduct. The mandates have no sanction but that of the last war. Surely it would be a crime against humanity to reduce the proud Arabs so that Palestine can be restored to the Jews partly or wholly as their national home. The nobler course would be to insist on a just treatment of the Jews wherever they are born and bred. The Jews born in France are French in precisely the same sense that Christians born in France are French. If the Jews have no home but Palestine, will they relish the idea of being forced to leave the other parts of the world in which they are settled? Or do they want a double home where they can remain at will?
Religious sanction has been invoked in both cases for the justification of the inhuman treatment meted out to them. Apart from the friendships, therefore, there is the more common universal reason for my sympathy for the Jews. But my sympathy does not blind me to the requirements of justice.
The cry for the national home for the Jews does not make much appeal to me. The sanction for it is sought in the Bible and the tenacity with which the Jews have hankered after return to Palestine. Why should they not, like other peoples of the earth, make that country their home where they are born and where they earn their livelihood? Palestine belongs to the Arabs in the same sense that England belongs to the English or France to the French. It is wrong and inhuman to impose the Jews on the Arabs. What is going on in Palestine today cannot be justified by any moral code of conduct. The mandates have no sanction but that of the last war. Surely it would be a crime against humanity to reduce the proud Arabs so that Palestine can be restored to the Jews partly or wholly as their national home. The nobler course would be to insist on a just treatment of the Jews wherever they are born and bred. The Jews born in France are French in precisely the same sense that Christians born in France are French. If the Jews have no home but Palestine, will they relish the idea of being forced to leave the other parts of the world in which they are settled? Or do they want a double home where they can remain at will?
[...] I have no doubt that they are going about it in the wrong way. The Palestine of the Biblical conception is not a geographical tract. It is in their hearts. But if they must look to the Palestine of geography as their national home, it is wrong to enter it under the shadow of the British gun. A religious act cannot be performed with the aid of the bayonet or the bomb. They can settle in Palestine only by the goodwill of the Arabs. They should seek to convert the Arab heart.
The same God rules the Arab heart who rules the Jewish heart. They will find the world opinion in their favor in their religious aspiration. There are hundreds of ways of reasoning with the Arabs, if they will only discard the help of the British bayonet. As it is, they are co-sharers with the British in despoiling a people who have done no wrong to them. I am not defending the Arab excesses. I wish they had chosen the way of non-violence in resisting what they rightly regarded as an unwarrantable encroachment upon their country. But according to the accepted canons of right and wrong, nothing can be said against the Arab resistance in the face of overwhelming odds [...].
The same God rules the Arab heart who rules the Jewish heart. They will find the world opinion in their favor in their religious aspiration. There are hundreds of ways of reasoning with the Arabs, if they will only discard the help of the British bayonet. As it is, they are co-sharers with the British in despoiling a people who have done no wrong to them. I am not defending the Arab excesses. I wish they had chosen the way of non-violence in resisting what they rightly regarded as an unwarrantable encroachment upon their country. But according to the accepted canons of right and wrong, nothing can be said against the Arab resistance in the face of overwhelming odds [...].
